| Yehuda Lave is an author, journalist, psychologist, rabbi, spiritual teacher, and coach, with degrees in business, psychology and Jewish Law. He works with people from all walks of life and helps them in their search for greater happiness, meaning, business advice on saving money, and spiritual engagement. Love Yehuda Lave Join my blog by sending me an email to YehudaLave@gmail.com | | | | | The Three Musketeers at the Kotel | | | | | | The Three are Rabbi Yehuda Glick, famous temple mount activist, and former Israel Mk, and then Robert Weinger, the world's greatest shofar blower and seller of Shofars, and myself after we had gone to the 12 gates of the Temple Mount in 2020 to blow the shofar to ask G-d to heal the world from the Pandemic. It was a highlight to my experience in living in Israel and I put it on my blog each day to remember. The articles that I include each day are those that I find interesting, so I feel you will find them interesting as well. I don't always agree with all the points of each article but found them interesting or important to share with you, my readers, and friends. It is cathartic for me to share my thoughts and frustrations with you about life in general and in Israel. As a Rabbi, I try to teach and share the Torah of the G-d of Israel as a modern Orthodox Rabbi. I never intend to offend anyone but sometimes people are offended and I apologize in advance for any mistakes. The most important psychological principle I have learned is that once someone's mind is made up, they don't want to be bothered with the facts, so, like Rabbi Akiva, I drip water (Torah is compared to water) on their made-up minds and hope that some of what I have share sinks in. Love Rabbi Yehuda Lave. | | | | | | | The Ritual Laws of Kosher Meat | | | | | In order to eat meat, animals must be of a kosher species and must be slaughtered in accordance with ritual law. By Rabbi Ari Enkin, Rabbinic Director, United with Israel This week's Torah portion is "Reeh" (Deuteronomy 12:21) and in it we read about the laws of kosher. In this article we will focus on one particular aspect of kosher eating and that is "shechita" – kosher slaughter of animals. In order to eat meat, animals must be slaughtered "as I have instructed you." However, if one was to analyze the Torah backwards and forwards one will not find any instructions anywhere on how kosher slaughter is to be performed. As such, this is one of several passages that allude to an "oral Torah" and oral tradition on how to practice Judaism handed down from Moses to Joshua and onward from teacher to student. It is these traditions that make up the Talmud. Not everything is in the Torah. But back to kosher slaughter. Of course, it does not help to properly slaughter an animal that is of a forbidden species. The only animals that may be eaten are animals that chew their cud ("ruminants") and have fully cloven hooves. Hence, we need two features to permit meat: 1. a kosher species 2. that was slaughter as required. One without the other makes the meat completely forbidden. Fish do not require kosher slaughter and any fish with fins and scales may be consumed. Birds that "have a tradition of being kosher" may be eater after kosher slaughter. Such birds most famously include chickens, most ducks, and most breeds of Turkey, among several others. The rabbi who slaughters animals is known as a "shochet". The training to become a shochet is rigorous and demanding. There are hundreds if not thousands of laws that a shochet must master before being permitted perform shechita. Every community in history had shochets who would serve the community as it was very uncommon for the average person, even a rabbi, to do shechita on his own. It is indeed a specialization. As such, the shochet was a highly respected member of the community second only to the chief rabbi. The special knife used for shechita is known as a "sakin" or "chalaf" and must be longer than the neck of the animal it is being used to slaughter. As such, shechita knives generally come in two sizes, "bird size" and "animal size". The shechita procedure essentially requires the windpipe and food pipe (trachea and esophagus) to be severed. Shechita is intended to cause a rapid drop in blood pressure in the brain and loss of consciousness. This in turn renders the animal insensitive to pain with death occurring in seconds. If the shochet did not sever the entirety of both the trachea and esophagus, then an animal may still be considered kosher as long the majority the trachea and esophagus are found to have been severed. There are five principles to kosher slaughter, a topic that the shochet-in-training spends months studying and mastering, which we will summarize here. If any of these five principles is violated the animal is not kosher. Shehiyah ("delay" or "pausing") – Any pause in the course of slaughter makes the animal non-kosher. The knife must be moved across the neck in an uninterrupted motion until the trachea and esophagus are sufficiently severed. This is usually accomplished in one slice, though additional "back and forth" is acceptable when needed as long as the motion is continuous. Derasah ("pressing" or "hacking") – The knife must be drawn across the neck by a back-and-forth movement. The animal may not be killed by an act of chopping, hacking, or slicing without moving the knife back and forth. Haladah ("covering") – The back of the knife must be visible at all times. The knife may not be covered by fur and the like. Hagramah ("slaughtering in the wrong location") – The slaughter must be in the done through the neck. Cutting or killing the animal via any other wound is forbidden. Anywhere in the neck is legitimate, with the neck defined as from the large ring in the windpipe to the top of the upper lobe of the lung when it is inflated. As such, you can slaughter a giraffe anywhere on its long neck…if you can catch one. Ikur ("tearing") – If either the esophagus or the trachea is torn during the slaughter the animal is rendered non-kosher. Ikur can occur, for example, if the esophagus or trachea is torn by a knife that has nicks or other imperfections in it. In order to avoid this problem, a shechita knife is examined frequently, sometime after every single slaughter. | | | | | Sed ut perspiciatis unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam, eaque ipsa quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto. | | | | 160-year Jewish cemetery in Yemen is being restored with help from breakaway government faction BY CALEB GUEDES-REED One of the political factions that has been fighting for power in Yemen has joined an effort to restore a 160-year-old Jewish cemetery in the southern port city of Aden. A local journalist covering the restoration confirmed the news to the Israeli Kan broadcaster in a report that aired on Sunday, The Times of Israel reported. Despite a truce in the country's ongoing civil war that was reached in April, Yemen's Southern Transitional Council (STC), led by the party's president, General Aidarus Qassem Abdulaziz al-Zoubaidi, wants independence for South Yemen, which was its own state from 1967 to 1990. The STC, which is now in control of Aden, has become involved in the project after efforts to renovate the site were first led by volunteer organizations. A Yemeni official told Kan that the renovation is a "message to all Aden residents that Aden is a city of peace and that we will not accept any harm to any holy site," The Times of Israel reported. The Yemeni Jewish community was estimated at over 50,000 in the first half of the 20th century, but the majority of the country's Jewish population immigrated to Israel after 1948, and those who remained faced persecution. By 2008, a few hundreds Jews were left; earlier this year, the United Nations reported that after "systematic" persecution, only seven remained. Though the work on the Aden cemetery is in progress, with significant parts of the walls restored, the grave stones are still in dire condition.
| | | | | Zofia Posmysz, survivor passes at 98 Zofia Posmysz-Piasecka[1] (née Posmysz; 23 August 1923 – 8 August 2022) was a Polish journalist, novelist, and author. She was a resistance fighter in World War II and survived imprisonment at the Auschwitz and Ravensbrück concentration camps. Her autobiographical account of the Holocaust in occupied Poland, Passenger from Cabin 45, became the basis for her 1962 novel Passenger, subsequently translated into 15 languages.[2] The original radio drama was adapted for an award-winning feature film, while the novel was adapted into an opera of the same name with music by Mieczysław Weinberg.[3]
Early life Posmysz was born in Kraków[4] and lived there until the invasion of Poland in 1939.[2] During the occupation she attended clandestine courses and worked at a cable factory. She was arrested by the Gestapo in 1942, at age 19,[4] charged with distributing anti-Nazi leaflets. She was kept for six weeks at the Montelupich Prison in Kraków.[2] After prolonged interrogation she was moved under escort to the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp.[5] Relegated to arduous work at a penal company in Budy, she was saved twice by the camp doctor, Janusz Mąkowski. On 18 January 1945 Posmysz (prisoner number 7566) was sent to Ravensbrück concentration camp and from there to the Neustadt-Glewe satellite camp, where she was liberated on 2 May 1945 by the US Army.[4][2] Postwar life After World War II, she studied at the University of Warsaw, and worked for the broadcaster Polskie Radio in the culture section.[6] In 1959, she wrote a radio drama, Pasażerka z kabiny 45 (Passenger from Cabin 45), based on her memories from the time spent in Nazi concentration camps.[4] The play was produced in the same year by the Polish Radio[7] featuring Aleksandra Śląska and Jan Świderski. It was adapted for television by Posmysz in 1960. The show was directed by Andrzej Munk and featured Ryszarda Hanin, Zofia Mrozowska, and Edward Dziewoński in the leading roles. The Passenger from Cabin 45 was innovative and unusual in the genre of Holocaust literature, because it depicted a loyal SS Aufseherin, Annelise Franz, in charge of Posmysz's work detail at Auschwitz,[8][9] who nevertheless exhibited basic human behaviour towards prisoners.[2] The screenplay for the film was written by both Posmysz and Munk in 1961.[3] Munk died in a car crash soon thereafter.[10] Posmysz did not participate in the making of the film, which was released in 1963.[3] Instead, she focused on writing a novel derived from her autobiographical memory.[4] The book was published in 1962 as Pasażerka.[2] The events in the book take place on an ocean liner, 16 years after the war ended. The former SS Aufseherin, Lisa Kretschmer, travels with her husband in search of a new life. Among the many passengers, she spots Marta, her former inmate, whom she used to feed and protect from dangerous labour. While at Auschwitz, Lisa was assigned to a new post of duty, and offered Marta to take her from the camp to detention in a less dangerous place, but to no avail. In the end of the novel, she learns that Marta recognized her also.[3] Notably, in the original radio drama, the titular 'Cabin 45' was Posmysz's compartment number on a train to Auschwitz; an ocean-travel served as literary device of story within a story.[5] No English translation of The Passenger novel exists.[11] When Pope Benedict XVI visited the memorial for Auschwitz in 2006, she was among the surviving inmates greeting him.[4] In 2015, Posmysz was among 19 Auschwitz survivors reporting for a documentary by Der Spiegel titled The Last Witnesses (Die letzten Zeugen).[12] Posmysz died in Oświęcim on 8 August 2022, at the age of 98.[4][13][14] Work and legacy Posmysz went on writing continuously for over 30 years and wrote her last published book at the age of 73. She is best known for her 1959 autobiography Passenger in Cabin 45 (Pasażerka z kabiny 45) which led to a television play and film The Passenger by Andrzej Munk, who was one of the most influential artists of the post-Stalinist Poland.[7] The director died during the screening in 1961, but the film was completed by his assistants, directors Andrzej Brzozowski and Witold Lesiewicz,[1] and first released in 1963.[3] The novel by Posmysz became the basis of the libretto by Alexander Medvedev for Mieczysław Weinberg's 1968 opera The Passenger, Op. 97. Suppressed for more than 40 years, it was first staged at Bregenz Festival on 21 July 2010, followed by the same production at the Grand Theatre in Warsaw.[15][16] The opera by Weinberg premièred at the Lyric Opera of Chicago on 24 February 2015,[17] with soprano Amanda Majeski as Marta.[18] Die Passagierin [19] was staged by the Frankfurt Opera in March 2015 with Leo Hussain conducting.[20] The novel Pasażerka was translated into 15 languages,[2] including German as Die Passagierin by Peter Ball, published in 1969 by Verlag Neues Leben [de] and as Book on demand (third ed.) in 2010.[11][21] Zofia Posmysz speaking at the Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial and Museum Conference on the anniversary of the camp's liberation, 27 January 2014 Work A selection of works by Posmysz, published in Polish, includes: - I know the executioners from Belsen... (Znam katów z Belsen…; 1945)[22][23]
- Passenger from cabin 45 (Pasażerka z kabiny 45; 1959)[24][23]
- Passenger (Pasażerka, novel, 1962)[25][23]
- A stop in the forest (Przystanek w lesie; stories, 1965)[26]
- The sick hawthorn (Cierpkie głogi; screenplay, 1966)[27]
- Little (Mały; screenplay, 1970)[27]
- Holiday on the Adriatic (Wakacje nad Adriatykiem; 1970)[28]
- Microclimate (Mikroklimat; 1975)[29]
- A Tree Similar to Another Tree (Drzewo do drzewa podobne; 1977)[30]
- Price (Cena; 1978)[31]
- The Same Doctor M (Ten sam doktor M; 1981)[32]
- Widows and lovers (Wdowa i kochankowie; 1988)[33]
- To freedom, to death, to life (Do wolności, do śmierci, do życia; 1996)[34]
Awards References[edit] - ^ Jump up to:a b Mazierska, Ewa (2007). "Passenger: A film by Andrzej Munk". SecondRunDVD.com. shooting extra episodes in Auschwitz. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g Kaczyński, Andrzej (May 2010), "Zofia Posmysz", Culture.pl (in Polish), Adam Mickiewicz Institute, The Author (Twórca).
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e Kaczyński, Andrzej (25 May 2010), "The Passenger by Zofia Posmysz" ["Pasażerka" Zofii Posmysz], Culture.pl (in Polish), Adam Mickiewicz Institute, Artykuł.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g "Polish Auschwitz survivor, novelist Zofia Posmysz dies at 98". The Independent. AP. 8 August 2022. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Gajdowski, Piotr (2017), "In a passenger carriage to Auschwitz" [Pasażerskim do Auschwitz], Newsweek.pl, book-length interview with Zofia Posmysz by Michał Wójcik: "Królestwo za mgłą" (Kingdom in Mistiness), Znak Publishing Also in: Kowalczyk, Janusz R., Michał Wójcik, Zofia Posmysz (2017), "Królestwo za mgłą", Culture.pl.
- ^ Jump up to:a b ""Heart is breaking". Zofia Posmysz is dead". Poland Posts English. 8 August 2022. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
- ^ Jump up to:a b "Literary Images of the Holocaust: The Passenger by Zofia Posmysz – MOCAK". en.mocak.pl. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
- ^ Press release (27 January 2017), "Literary depictions of the Holocaust. 'Passenger' by Zofia Posmysz" [Literackie obrazy Zagłady. Pasażerka Zofii Posmysz], Mocak.pl, Muzeum Sztuki Współczesnej w Krakowie, Maria Anna Potocka (2016), Aufseherin Franz documentary film interview with Zofia Posmysz, screening at the Museum of Modern Art in Kraków.
- ^ Press release (2017), "Zofia Posmysz", News O.pl, Wystawa 'Literackie obrazy Zagłady' (Literary depictions of the Holocaust Exhibition), Kraków
- ^ Kaszuba, Dominika (2 August 2011). "The short and beautiful crazy life" [Szalone, krótkie życie]. Film: Andrzej Munk (in Polish). Onet.pl. Archived from the original on 8 October 2011 – via Internet Archive, 8 October 2011.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Ross, Alex (29 August 2011), "Memories of Music at Auschwitz", The New Yorker
- ^ Zofia Posmysz (2015), "Am Morgen sang der Rabbi ein Kaddisch, ein Gebet für die Toten", Der Spiegel, 5 March, no. 5, pp. 50–69
- ^ "Odeszła Zofia Posmysz". Fakty Oświęcim. 8 August 2022. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
- ^ "Polish Auschwitz survivor, novelist Zofia Posmysz dies at 98". HuffPost. AP. 8 August 2022. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ Grimes, William (9 July 2014). "Haunted by History, but Gifted in Sharing It". The New York Times.
- ^ Reich, Howard (25 February 2015). "Survivor's Auschwitz memories reborn in 'The Passenger'". Chicago Tribune.
- ^ Operatic trailer, Weinberg's THE PASSENGER at Lyric Opera of Chicago on YouTube 24 February – 15 March 2015.
- ^ Lyric Opera of Chicago. "The Passenger. Premiere". February 24 – March 15, 2015. Approximate running time: 2hrs, 50 min. Synopsis. Archived from the original on 6 February 2015 – via Internet Archive, 15 February 2015.
- ^ Posmysz, Zofia (2 June 2010). Die Passagierin (German) Posmysz, Zofia ( Author ) Jun-02-2010 Paperback. Books on Demand.
- ^ Oper Frankfurt (1 March 2015). "The Passenger. Premiere". Director: Anselm Weber; with Jessica Strong as Marta, and Katharina Magiera as Lisa. Approximate running time: 3hrs. Official trailer of Die Passagierin von Mieczysław Weinberg Premiere by the Frankfurt Opera: 6:34 min, with excerpts from interview with Zofia Posmysz on YouTube
- ^ Literature by and about Zofia Posmysz in the German National Library catalogue
- ^ "Zmarła Zofia Posmysz – pisarka i scenarzystka, więźniarka obozów koncentracyjnych". Wyborcza (in Polish). 8 August 2022. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c "Zofia Posmysz, die Autorin von "Die Passagierin", in Oświęcim gestorben – neue musikzeitung". nmz (in German). Retrieved 12 August 2022.
- ^ Grimes, William (9 July 2014). "Haunted by History, but Gifted in Sharing It". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
- ^ Posmysz, Zofia; Wydawnictwo Axis Mundi (2019). Pasażerka (in Polish). [Warszawa]: Axis Mundi. ISBN 978-83-64980-95-4. OCLC 1126635181.
- ^ Posmysz, Zofia (1965). Przystanek w lesie. Czytelnik (in Polish). OCLC 832815419.
- ^ Jump up to:a b "Zofia Posmysz nie żyje". AICT Polska (in Polish). 8 August 2022. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ Posmysz, Zofia (1923– ). (2017). Wakacje nad Adriatykiem. Znak Litera Nova. ISBN 978-83-240-3804-6. OCLC 979125346.
- ^ Posmysz, Zofia (1975). Mikroklimat (in Polish). OCLC 641918575.
- ^ Posmysz, Zofia (1977). Drzewo do drzewa podobne (in Polish). OCLC 642137110.
- ^ Posmysz, Zofia (1978). Cena (in Polish). OCLC 641606834.
- ^ Posmysz, Zofia (1981). Ten sam doktor M (in German). Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo. ISBN 83-207-0370-0. OCLC 9812826.
- ^ Posmysz, Zofia (1988). Wdowa i kochankowie (in Polish). Warszawa: Czytelnik. ISBN 83-07-01078-0. OCLC 19712703.
- ^ Posmysz, Zofia; Bryll, Ernest; Wieczorek Literacki (2020). Do wolności, do śmierci, do życia (in Polish). Warszawa: Wieczorek Literacki. ISBN 978-83-954017-1-8. OCLC 1242220392.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e Zarząd Główny (2018). "Zofia POSMYSZ, or Zofia Posmysz-Piasecka". Nagrody i odznaczenia (Awards and Medals). Polish Writers' Association (Stowarzyszenie Pisarzy Polskich). Warsaw Branch (Oddział Warszawa).
- ^ International Youth Meeting Center in Oświęcim/Auschwitz (2 August 2012). "Bundesverdienstkreuz" (in German).
- ^ "DIALOG-PREIS 2015 für Zofia Posmysz und die Redaktion der Zeitschrift OSTEUROPA". Deutsch-Polnische Gesellschaft Bundesverband e.V. (in German). Retrieved 8 August 2022.
- ^ "Polish Auschwitz, Ravensbruck prisoner awarded Order of White Eagle". TVP World. 21 December 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2022
| | | | | See you tomorrow bli neder We need Moshiach now! Love Yehuda Lave | | | | |
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